Merge pull request #1634 from MicrosoftDocs/master

Publish: various updates to function/other topics

Author: AFTOwen

powerapps-docs/maker/canvas-apps/create-component.md

@@ -179,7 +179,6 @@ So far, you've created a component and added it to an app. Next, you'll create a
 ## Known limitations
 
 - As of this writing, data sources aren't saved with components, so forms and data tables are disabled.
-- If you create a variable in a component, that variable is scoped only to that component and doesn't appear with app variables.
 - PowerApps doesn't support collections in components.
 - You can't insert a component into a gallery, a form, or a data card.
 - A master instance of a component is a local master and scoped to the app. If you change a master instance, only copies of the component within the app will reflect the change. Copies in other apps will remain the same unless you import the component library again. All master instances in those apps will be automatically detected and updated.

powerapps-docs/maker/canvas-apps/functions/data-types.md

@@ -56,10 +56,6 @@ Because all data types support *blank*, the **Boolean** and **Two option** data
 
 All four of these data types are based on a [Unicode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode) text string.
 
-### Size limits
-
-These data types have no preset limit on their length. The underlying JavaScript implementation in your browser or on your device may impose a limit, but it's usually well over 100 MB. However, the amount of available memory on your device may impose another limit that's likely lower than 100 MB. To determine whether your app will run within these limits, test common scenarios on all devices on which it should run.
-
 ### Image and Media resources
 
 Through the **File** menu, you can add image, video, and audio files as app resources. The name of the imported file becomes the resource name in the app. In this graphic, the Northwind Traders logo, which is named **nwindlogo**, has been added to an app:
@@ -94,6 +90,16 @@ You use a URI to reference an image or another media file stored in a database.
 
 When you save a media data type, such as an image, to a database, the app sends the actual image or media data, not the URI reference.
 
+### Size limits
+
+As text strings and URIs, these data types have no preset limit on their length.
+
+The binary data that these data types reference also has no preset limit on size. For example, an image captured through the camera control that's now referenced as **"appres://..."** can be as large and high resolution as the device's camera can muster. The resolution, frame rate, and other attributes of media files aren't limited by the data type, but specific controls for playing and capturing media may have their own limitations.
+
+However, all data sizes are subject to the amount of available memory in the app. Browsers running on a desktop computer typically support more than 100 megabytes of data. However, the amount of available memory on a device such as a phone might be far lower, typically in the range 30-70 megabytes. To determine whether your app will run within these limits, test common scenarios on all devices on which it should run.
+
+As a best practice, hold data in memory only as long as necessary. Upload images to a database as soon as you can; download images only when the app's user requests them.
+
 ## Number and Currency
 
 **Number** and **Currency** data types use the [IEEE 754 double-precision floating-point standard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_754). This standard provides a very large range of numbers in which to work, from –1.79769 x 10<sup>308</sup> to 1.79769 x 10<sup>308</sup>. The smallest value that can be represented is 5 x 10<sup>–324</sup>.
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ Date/time values fall in these categories:
 
 This table shows some examples:
 
-| Date/time type | Value stored in the database | Value displayed and entered 7 hours west of UTC | Value displayed and entered 4 hours east of UTC | 
+| Date/time type | Value stored in the database | Value displayed and entered 7 hours west of UTC | Value displayed and entered 4 hours east of UTC |
 |--------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|
 | **User local** | Sunday,&nbsp;May&nbsp;19,&nbsp;2019<br>4:00 AM | Saturday,&nbsp;May&nbsp;18,&nbsp;2019<br>9:00 PM | Sunday,&nbsp;May&nbsp;19,&nbsp;2019<br>8:00 AM |
 | **Time zone independent** | Sunday,&nbsp;May&nbsp;19,&nbsp;2019<br>4:00 AM | Sunday,&nbsp;May&nbsp;19,&nbsp;2019<br>4:00 AM | Sunday,&nbsp;May&nbsp;19,&nbsp;2019<br>4:00 AM | 
@@ -147,6 +153,12 @@ For example, Unix time shows September 9, 2001, at 01:46:40 UTC as 1,000,000,000
 
 However, that function returns **Saturday, September 8, 2001 18:46:40** if you use the **DateTimeFormat.LongDateTime24** format in a time zone that's -7 hours offset from UTC (7 hours west of UTC). This result shows the **DateTime** value correctly based on the local time zone.
 
+To convert to a Unix time, divide the result from **Value** by 1,000:
+<br>**RoundDown( Value( UnixTime ) / 1000, 0 )**
+
+If you need the Unix time in a **Date** value for further calculations or display within PowerApps, use this formula:
+<br>**DateAdd( Date( 1970,1,1 ), UnixTime, Seconds )**
+
 ### SQL Server
 
 SQL Server has [**Datetime**, **Datetime2**, and other date/time data types](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/functions/date-and-time-data-types-and-functions-transact-sql?view=sql-server-2017) that don't include a time-zone offset and don't indicate which time zone they're in. Canvas apps assume these values are stored in UTC and treat them as **User local**. If the values are meant to be time-zone independent, correct for the UTC translations by using the [**TimeZoneOffset**](function-dateadd-datediff.md#converting-to-utc) function.

powerapps-docs/maker/canvas-apps/functions/function-colors.md

@@ -15,18 +15,21 @@ search.app:
   - PowerApps
 ---
 # Color enumeration and ColorFade, ColorValue, and RGBA functions in PowerApps
+
 Using built in color values, defining custom colors, and Alpha blending.
 
 ## Description
-The **Color** enumeration is an easy way to access the colors defined by HTML's Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).  For example, **Color.Red** returns a pure red color.  The list of these colors is included at the end of this article.   
+
+The **Color** enumeration is an easy way to access the colors defined by HTML's Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). For example, **Color.Red** returns a pure red color.  The list of these colors is included at the end of this article.
 
 The **ColorValue** function returns a color based on a CSS color string.  Both names of CSS colors such as "RosyBrown" and hex values such as "#bc8f8f" may be used.
 
-The **RGBA** function returns a color based on Red, Green, and Blue color components.  It also includes an Alpha component used for mixing colors of objects layered on top of one another.  Alpha varies from 0 or 0% which is fully transparent and invisible to 1 or 100% which is fully opaque and completely blocks out layers below.
+The **RGBA** function returns a color based on Red, Green, and Blue color components. It also includes an Alpha component used for mixing colors of objects layered on top of one another.  Alpha varies from 0 or 0% which is fully transparent and invisible to 1 or 100% which is fully opaque and completely blocks out layers below.
 
-The **ColorFade** function returns a brighter or darker version of a color.  The amount of fade varies from -1 which fully darkens a color to black, to 0 which has no impact on the color, to 1 which fully brightens a color to white.  
+The **ColorFade** function returns a brighter or darker version of a color. The amount of fade varies from -1 or -100% (which fully darkens a color to black) to 0 (which has no impact on the color) to 1 or 100% (which fully brightens a color to white).
 
 ## Syntax
+
 **Color**.*ColorName*
 
 * *ColorName* - Required.  A Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) color name.  See list below of possible enumeration values.
@@ -38,14 +41,14 @@ The **ColorFade** function returns a brighter or darker version of a color.  The
 **RGBA**( *Red*, *Green*, *Blue*, *Alpha* )
 
 * *Red*, *Green*, *Blue* - Required.  Color component values, ranging from 0 (no saturation) to 255 (full saturation).
-* *Alpha* - Required.  Alpha component, ranging from 0 (fully transparent) to 1 (fully opaque).  You can also use a percentage, 0% to 100%.
+* *Alpha* - Required.  Alpha component, ranging from 0 (fully transparent) to 1 (fully opaque). You can also use a percentage, 0% to 100%.
 
 **ColorFade**( *Color*, *FadeAmount* )
 
 * *Color* - Required.  A color value such as **Color.Red** or the output from **ColorValue** or **RGBA**.
-* *FadeAmount* - Required.  A number between -1 and 1.  -1 fully darkens a color to black, 0 has no impact on the color, and 1 fully brightens a color to white.  
+* *FadeAmount* - Required.  A number between -1 and 1.  -1 fully darkens a color to black, 0 has no impact on the color, and 1 fully brightens a color to white. You can also use a percentage from -100% to 100%
 
-## Built in colors
+## Built-in colors
 
 | Color enumeration | ColorValue with Hex Code | RGBA | Color Swatch |
 | --- | --- | --- | --- |

powerapps-docs/maker/canvas-apps/functions/function-concatenate.md

@@ -7,55 +7,109 @@ ms.service: powerapps
 ms.topic: reference
 ms.custom: canvas
 ms.reviewer: anneta
-ms.date: 08/28/2017
+ms.date: 05/23/2019
 ms.author: gregli
 search.audienceType: 
   - maker
 search.app: 
   - PowerApps
 ---
 # Concat and Concatenate functions in PowerApps
+
 Concatenates individual strings of text and strings in [tables](../working-with-tables.md).
 
 ## Description
+
+The **Concatenate** function concatenates a mix of individual strings and a single-column table of strings. When you use this function with individual strings, it's equivalent to using the **&** [operator](operators.md).
+
 The **Concat** function concatenates the result of a formula applied across all the [records](../working-with-tables.md#records) of a table, resulting in a single string. Use this function to summarize the strings of a table, just as the **[Sum](function-aggregates.md)** function does for numbers.
 
 [!INCLUDE [record-scope](../../../includes/record-scope.md)]
 
-Use the **[Split](function-split.md)** function to split a string into a table of substrings.
-
-The **Concatenate** function concatenates a mix of individual strings and a single-column table of strings. Used with individual strings, this function is equivalent to using the **&** [operator](operators.md). You can use a formula that includes the **[ShowColumns](function-table-shaping.md)** function to create a single-column table from a table that has multiple columns.
+Use the [**Split**](function-split.md) or [**MatchAll**](function-ismatch.md) function to split a string into a table of substrings.
 
 ## Syntax
+
 **Concat**( *Table*, *Formula* )
 
-* *Table* - Required.  Table to operate on.
-* *Formula* - Required.  Formula to apply across the records of the table.
+- *Table* - Required.  Table to operate on.
+- *Formula* - Required.  Formula to apply across the records of the table.
 
 **Concatenate**( *String1* [, *String2*, ...] )
 
-* *String(s)* - Required.  Mix of individual strings or a single-column table of strings.
+- *String(s)* - Required.  Mix of individual strings or a single-column table of strings.
 
 ## Examples
-#### Concat
-1. Add a **[Button](../controls/control-button.md)** control, and set its **[OnSelect](../controls/properties-core.md)** property to this formula:
-   
-    **Collect(Products, {String:"Violin", Wind:"Trombone", Percussion:"Bongos"}, {String:"Cello", Wind:"Trumpet", Percussion:"Tambourine"})**
-2. Press F5, click the button, and then press Esc to return to the design workspace.
-3. Add a **[Label](../controls/control-text-box.md)** control, and set its **[Text](../controls/properties-core.md)** property to this formula:
-   
-    **Concat(Products, String & " ")**
-   
-    The label shows **Violin Cello**.
-
-#### Concatenate
-1. Add a **[Text input](../controls/control-text-input.md)** control, and name it **AuthorName**.
-2. Add a **[Label](../controls/control-text-box.md)** control, and set its **[Text](../controls/properties-core.md)** property to this formula:<br>
-   **Concatenate("By ", AuthorName.Text)**
-3. Type your name in **AuthorName**.
-   
-    The label shows **By** followed by your name.
-
-If you had an **Employees** table that contained a **FirstName** column and a **LastName** column, this formula would concatenate the data in each row of those columns.
-<br>**Concatenate(Employees.FirstName, " ", Employees.LastName)**
 
+The examples in this section use these global variables:
+
+- **FirstName** = "Jane"
+- **LastName** = "Doe"
+- **Products** = ![Table with two columns and four rows](media/function-concatenate/products.png)
+
+To create these global variables in an app, insert a [**Button**](../controls/control-button.md) control, and set its **OnSelect** property to this formula:
+
+```powerapps-dot
+Set( FirstName, "Jane" ); Set( LastName, "Doe" );
+Set( Products,
+    Table(
+        { Name: "Violin", Type: "String" },
+        { Name: "Cello", Type: "String" },
+        { Name: "Trumpet", Type: "Wind" }
+    )
+)
+```
+
+Select the button (by clicking it while you hold down the Alt key).
+
+### Concatenate function and the & operator
+
+For these examples, set the **Text** property of a [**Label**](../controls/control-text-box.md) control to a formula from the first column of the next table.
+
+| Formula | Description | Result |
+|---------|-------------|--------|
+| **Concatenate(&nbsp;LastName,&nbsp;",&nbsp;",&nbsp;FirstName&nbsp;)** | Concatenates the value in **LastName**, the string **", "** (a comma followed by a space), and the value in **FirstName**. | "Doe,&nbsp;Jane" |
+| **LastName&nbsp;&&nbsp;",&nbsp;"&nbsp;&&nbsp;FirstName** | Same as the previous example except using the **&** operator instead of the function. | "Doe,&nbsp;Jane" |
+| **Concatenate(&nbsp;FirstName,&nbsp;"&nbsp;",&nbsp;LastName&nbsp;)** | Concatenates the value in **FirstName**, the string **" "** (a single space), and the value in **LastName**. | "Jane&nbsp;Doe" |
+| **FirstName&nbsp;&&nbsp;"&nbsp;"&nbsp;&&nbsp;LastName** | Same as the previous example, using the **&** operator instead of the function. | "Jane&nbsp;Doe" |
+
+### Concatenate with a single-column table
+
+For this example, add a blank, vertical [**Gallery**](../controls/control-gallery.md) control, set its **Items** property to the formula in the next table, and then add a label in the gallery template.
+
+| Formula | Description | Result |
+|---------|-------------|--------|
+| **Concatenate( "Name:&nbsp;",&nbsp;Products.Name, ",&nbsp;Type:&nbsp;",&nbsp;Products.Type )** | For each record in the **Products** table, concatenates the string **"Name: "**, the name of the product, the string **", Type: "** and the type of the product.  | ![Table of products](media/function-concatenate/single-column.png) |
+
+### Concat function
+
+For these examples, set the **Text** property of a label to a formula from the first column of the next table.
+
+| Formula | Description | Result |
+|---------|-------------|--------|
+| **Concat( Products, Name & ", " )** | Evaluates the expression **Name & ", "** for each record of **Products** and concatenates the results together into a single text string.  | "Violin,&nbsp;Cello,&nbsp;Trumpet,&nbsp;" |
+| **Concat( Filter(&nbsp;Products,&nbsp;Type&nbsp;=&nbsp;"String"&nbsp;), Name & ", " )** | Evaluates the formula **Name & ", "** for each record of **Products** that satisfies the filter **Type = "String"**, and concatenates the results into a single text string.   | "Violin,&nbsp;Cello,&nbsp;" |
+
+### Trimming the end
+
+The last two examples include an extra ", " at the end of the result. The function appends a comma and a space to the **Name** value of every record in the table, including the last record.
+
+In some cases, these extra characters don't matter. For example, a single-space separator doesn't appear if you show the result in a label. If you want to remove these extra characters, use the [**Left**](function-left-mid-right.md) or [**Match**](function-ismatch.md) function.
+
+For these examples, set the **Text** property of a label to a formula from the first column of the next table.
+
+| Formula | Description | Result |
+|---------|-------------|--------|
+| **Left( Concat(&nbsp;Products,&nbsp;Name&nbsp;&&nbsp;",&nbsp;"&nbsp;), Len(&nbsp;Concat(&nbsp;Products,&nbsp;Name&nbsp;&&nbsp;",&nbsp;"&nbsp;)&nbsp;)&nbsp;-&nbsp;2 )** | Returns the result of **Concat** but removes the last two characters, which form the extraneous separator. | "Violin,&nbsp;Cello,&nbsp;Trumpet" |
+| **Match( Concat(&nbsp;Products,&nbsp;Name&nbsp;&&nbsp;",&nbsp;"&nbsp;), "^(?&lt;trim&gt;.*),&nbsp;$" ).trim** | Returns the characters of **Concat** from the beginning of the text string (^) to the end ($) but doesn't include the unwanted comma and space at the end. | "Violin,&nbsp;Cello,&nbsp;Trumpet" |
+
+### Split and MatchAll
+
+If you used **Concat** with a separator, you can reverse the operation by combining the **Split** and **MatchAll** functions.
+
+For these examples, add a blank, vertical gallery, set its **Items** property to a formula in the next table, and then add a label in the gallery template.
+
+| Formula | Description | Result |
+|---------|-------------|--------|
+| **Split( Concat(&nbsp;Products,&nbsp;Name&nbsp;&&nbsp;",&nbsp;"&nbsp;), ", " )** | Splits the text string with the separator **", "**. The string ends with a comma and space, so the last row in the result is an empty string.  | ![Table](media/function-concatenate/split.png) |
+| **MatchAll( Concat(&nbsp;Products,&nbsp;Name&nbsp;&&nbsp;",&nbsp;"&nbsp;), "[^\s,]+" ).FullMatch** | Splits the text string based on characters that aren't spaces or commas. This formula removes the extra comma and space at the end of the string. | ![Table](media/function-concatenate/matchall.png)