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---
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title: "Get started with virtual tables (Common Data Service) | Microsoft Docs"
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description: "Virtual tables enable the integration of data residing in external systems by seamlessly representing that data as tables in Common Data Service, without replication of data and often without custom coding."
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ms.date: 11/09/2020
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title: "Get started with virtual entities (Common Data Service) | Microsoft Docs"
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description: "Virtual entities enable the integration of data residing in external systems by seamlessly representing that data as entities in Common Data Service, without replication of data and often without custom coding."
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ms.date: 06/24/2020
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ms.service: powerapps
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ms.topic: "get-started-article"
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applies_to:
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- "Dynamics 365 (online)"
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ms.assetid: 14c5fbbc-98db-4e49-b245-2c84c1cd11cd
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author: "Sunil-Garg" # GitHub ID
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ms.author: "pehecke"
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- D365CE
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---
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# Get started with virtual tables
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# Get started with virtual entities
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[!INCLUDE[cc-data-platform-banner](../../../includes/cc-data-platform-banner.md)]
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Virtual tables enable the integration of data residing in external systems by seamlessly representing that data as tables in Common Data Service, without replication of data and often without custom coding. Virtual tables support create, updates and delete of data in the external system.
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Virtual entities enable the integration of data residing in external systems by seamlessly representing that data as entities in Common Data Service, without replication of data and often without custom coding. Virtual entities support create, updates and delete of data in the external system.
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Virtual tables replace previous client-side and server-side approaches to integrating external data, which required customized code and suffered from numerous limitations, including imperfect integration, data duplication, or extensive commitment of development resources. In addition, for administrators and system customizers, the use of virtual tables greatly simplifies administration and configuration.
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Virtual entities replace previous client-side and server-side approaches to integrating external data, which required customized code and suffered from numerous limitations, including imperfect integration, data duplication, or extensive commitment of development resources. In addition, for administrators and system customizers, the use of virtual entities greatly simplifies administration and configuration.
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> [!NOTE]
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> This section discusses the implications of virtual tables for developers. For more information about managing virtual tables from the user interface, see [Create and edit virtual tables that contain data from an external data source](../../../maker/common-data-service/create-edit-virtual-entities.md).
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> This section discusses the implications of virtual entities for developers. For more information about managing virtual entities from the user interface, see [Create and edit virtual entities that contain data from an external data source](../../../maker/common-data-service/create-edit-virtual-entities.md).
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## Virtual tables, data providers and data sources
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## Virtual entities, data providers and data sources
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A virtual table is a definition of a table in the Common Data Service platform metadata without the associated physical tables for table instances created in the Common Data Service database. Instead during runtime, when a table instance is required, its state is dynamically retrieved from the associated external system. Each virtual table type is associated with a *virtual table data provider* and (optionally) some configuration information from an associated *virtual table data source*.
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A virtual entity is a definition of an entity in the Common Data Service platform metadata without the associated physical tables for entity instances created in the Common Data Service database. Instead during runtime, when an entity instance is required, its state is dynamically retrieved from the associated external system. Each virtual entity type is associated with a *virtual entity data provider* and (optionally) some configuration information from an associated *virtual entity data source*.
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<!-- TODO:
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A data provider is a particular type of Common Data Service plug-in, which is registered against CRUD events that occur in the platform. More information: [Write a plug-in](../write-plugin.md) -->
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The following data providers ship with Common Data Service:
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- An [OData v4](https://www.odata.org/documentation/) provider is included with the service and is installed by default.
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- An [Azure Cosmos DB](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db) (formerly *Microsoft Document DB*) provider is available from [AppSource](https://appsource.microsoft.com).
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If a data provider cannot be found for your external data source, you can develop a *custom virtual table data provider*; for more information, see [Virtual table data providers](custom-ve-data-providers.md).
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If a data provider cannot be found for your external data source, you can develop a *custom virtual entity data provider*; for more information, see [Virtual entity data providers](custom-ve-data-providers.md).
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## Virtual table creation and mapping
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## Virtual entity creation and mapping
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Initially, defining a virtual table is the same as defining a custom table: you specify the table, attributes, and relationships for the new virtual table type. However, additionally, you then connect the virtual table to a data provider to manage data retrieval. The custom table type and its fields must be mapped to the corresponding data in the external data source. For example, a virtual table might be represented as a row in an external relational database, and each of its fields might correspond to a column in that row. (Note that these external data names are often different than their corresponding virtual table names.) A specific, required mapping occurs for the table ID field: the data provider must be able to provide this GUID and associate it to the external record that represents this table instance. The most direct way to achieve this is to actually use GUIDs as primary keys in the external data source.
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Initially, defining a virtual entity is the same as defining a custom entity: you specify the entity, attributes, and relationships for the new virtual entity type. However, additionally, you then connect the virtual entity to a data provider to manage data retrieval. The custom entity type and its fields must be mapped to the corresponding data in the external data source. For example, a virtual entity might be represented as a row in an external relational database, and each of its fields might correspond to a column in that row. (Note that these external data names are often different than their corresponding virtual entity names.) A specific, required mapping occurs for the entity ID field: the data provider must be able to provide this GUID and associate it to the external record that represents this entity instance. The most direct way to achieve this is to actually use GUIDs as primary keys in the external data source.
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In this example, a corresponding virtual table data source would also be provided to supply user and connection information for the external database.
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In this example, a corresponding virtual entity data source would also be provided to supply user and connection information for the external database.
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## Limitations of virtual tables
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## Limitations of Virtual Entities
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Following are the limitations in virtual tables that must be considered.
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Following are the limitations in virtual entities that must be considered.
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- Only organization-owned tables are supported. The security filtering applied to user-owned tables is not supported. Access to the virtual table data can be turned on or off for individual users based on their security role. Field-level security is not supported.
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- It must be possible to model the external data as a Common Data Service table. This means:
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- All tables in the external data source must have an associated GUID primary key.
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- All table properties must be represented as Common Data Service attributes. You can use simple types representing text, numbers, optionsets, dates, images, and lookups.
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- You must be able to model any table relationships in Common Data Service.
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- An attribute on a virtual table cannot be calculated or rollup.  Any desired calculations must be done on the external side, possibly within or directed by the data provider.
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- Although you can add virtual table columns as a lookup on a grid or other UI views, you cannot filter or sort based on this virtual table lookup column.
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- Only organization-owned entities are supported. The security filtering applied to user-owned entities is not supported. Access to the virtual entity data can be turned on or off for individual users based on their security role. Field-level security is not supported.
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- It must be possible to model the external data as a Common Data Service entity. This means:
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- All entities in the external data source must have an associated GUID primary key.
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- All entity properties must be represented as Common Data Service attributes. You can use simple types representing text, numbers, optionsets, dates, images, and lookups.
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- You must be able to model any entity relationships in Common Data Service.
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- An attribute on a virtual entity cannot be calculated or rollup.  Any desired calculations must be done on the external side, possibly within or directed by the data provider.
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- Although you can add virtual entity columns as a lookup on a grid or other UI views, you cannot filter or sort based on this virtual entity lookup column.
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- Auditing and change tracking is not supported.
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- Virtual tables cannot be enabled for queues.
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- Offline caching of values is not supported for virtual tables.
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- A virtual table cannot represent an activity and do not support business process flows.
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- Once created, a virtual table cannot be changed to be a standard (non-virtual) table. The reverse is also true: a standard table cannot be converted into a virtual table.
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- Virtual entities cannot be enabled for queues.
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- Offline caching of values is not supported for virtual entities.
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- A virtual entity cannot represent an activity and do not support business process flows.
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- Once created, a virtual entity cannot be changed to be a standard (non-virtual) entity. The reverse is also true: a standard entity cannot be converted into a virtual entity.
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For more information about how these limitations are reflected in the Common Data Service API, see [API considerations of virtual tables](api-considerations-ve.md).
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For more information about how these limitations are reflected in the Common Data Service API, see [API considerations of virtual entities](api-considerations-ve.md).
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### See also
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[API considerations of virtual tables](api-considerations-ve.md)<br />
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[Custom virtual table data providers](custom-ve-data-providers.md)<br />
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[Sample: Generic virtual table data provider plug-in](sample-generic-ve-plugin.md)
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[API considerations of virtual entities](api-considerations-ve.md)<br />
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[Custom virtual entity data providers](custom-ve-data-providers.md)<br />
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[Sample: Generic virtual entity data provider plug-in](sample-generic-ve-plugin.md)

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